none 10.31254/phyto.2025.14309 BioMed Research Publishers BioMed Research Publishers 16195 182219657 316921 20250913114628951 10.31254 2025-09-13T11:46:36Z 2025-09-13T11:46:34Z 1 The Journal of Phytopharmacology J Phytopharmacol 2320480X 10.31254/phyto https://phytopharmajournal.com/ 07 31 2025 14 3 Fatogun Oluwayomi Patrick https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5806-4806 Muluh Emmanuel Khan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8374-478X Abdullahi Shehu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-2392 Ekundayo Timi Areh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-1838 Background: Hyperpigmentation and other melanin-related disorders have driven interest in natural tyrosinase inhibitors. Peltophorum pterocarpum, a medicinal plant traditionally used for various ailments, presents potential for dermatological applications. However, scientific studies validating its anti-tyrosinase activity remain limited. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents of the chloroform extract of Peltophorum pterocarpum root bark and evaluate its anti-tyrosinase potential, thereby supporting its ethnopharmacological relevance. Materials and Methods: A total of 800 g of Peltophorum pterocarpum root bark was collected, defatted with n-hexane, and extracted using methanol. The methanol extract was partitioned with chloroform and water. The chloroform extract was subjected to phytochemical screening and analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The anti-tyrosinase activity was evaluated in vitro using the dopachrome method, with L-DOPA as the substrate and kojic acid as a standard reference inhibitor. Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, and saponins in both chloroform and aqueous extracts. GC-MS profiling of the chloroform extract identified thirty-three (33) bioactive compounds, comprising 98.88% of the total extract. Major constituents included n-hexadecanoic acid (17.13%), 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (11.20%), phytol (5.65%), and various methyl esters of fatty acids. The chloroform extract exhibited significant anti-tyrosinase activity with an IC₅₀ value of 2.35 ± 1.07 µg/mL, which was closely comparable to kojic acid (IC₅₀ = 2.84 ± 0.38 µg/mL) and more potent than the aqueous extract (IC₅₀ = 3.52 ± 1.19 µg/mL). Conclusion: The chloroform extract of Peltophorum pterocarpum root bark contains a rich profile of phytochemicals with strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity. These findings support its potential application in managing hyperpigmentation and related skin conditions. The results also provide a scientific basis for the traditional use of this plant in dermatological therapy and natural cosmetic formulation. 07 31 2025 180 187 1 10.31254/biomed-crossmark-policy www.biomedresearch.org false 10.31254/phyto.2025.14309 https://phytopharmajournal.com/articles/abstracts/822/year=2025&vol=14&issue=3