none 10.31254/phyto.2025.14206 BioMed Research Publishers BioMed Research Publishers 16195 176543577 316921 20250516022912948 10.31254 2025-05-16T02:29:19Z 2025-05-16T02:29:18Z 0 The Journal of Phytopharmacology J Phytopharmacol 2320480X 10.31254/phyto https://www.phytopharmajournal.com/ 5 15 2025 14 2 YN Wickramaratne https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2564-4625 RMHKK Rajapaksha https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2711-5278 RS Maddumage https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8172-0880 SP Senanayake https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5533-8661 ARN Silva https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-0733 HEH Perera https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4336-7497 Background: Inflammation is the body’s natural response to harmful stimuli. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to alleviate inflammation, but they often come with significant side effects. Consequently, there is a growing need for new, effective anti-inflammatory agents with minimal adverse effects, preferably derived from plants. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to prepare aqueous and ethanol extracts of the entire Cardiospermum halicacabum plant using the cold maceration extraction method, evaluate their in vitro anti-inflammatory properties, and determine the IC50 values through a concentration-response curve. Methodology: Whole C. halicacabum plants were collected, and extracts were prepared using cold maceration with ethanol and water. The anti-inflammatory properties of these extracts were assessed in vitro using the heat-induced ovalbumin denaturation method, with diclofenac sodium serving as the reference drug. Results: The ethanol and aqueous extracts yielded 15.7% and 10.4% w/w, respectively. Compared to diclofenac sodium (IC50 at 1922 μg/mL), the extracts demonstrated mild-to-moderate, concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activity, with IC50 values of 5157 μg/mL for the ethanol extract and 8121 μg/mL for the aqueous extract. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the concentration and percentage inhibition of the extracts, with a p-value of less than 0.05 and an R-square value close to one. Conclusion: The extracts of C. halicacabum exhibit mild-to-moderate anti-inflammatory activity compared to standard diclofenac sodium. 5 15 2025 110 115 10.31254/phyto.2025.14206 https://www.phytopharmajournal.com/articles/abstracts/811/year=2025&vol=14&issue=2