<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<doi_records>
  <doi_record owner="10.1029" timestamp="2023-10-08 20:47:32">
    <crossref>
      <journal>
        <journal_metadata language="en">
          <full_title>Geophysical Research Letters</full_title>
          <abbrev_title>Geophysical Research Letters</abbrev_title>
          <issn media_type="print">0094-8276</issn>
          <issn media_type="electronic">1944-8007</issn>
        </journal_metadata>
        <journal_issue>
          <publication_date media_type="print">
            <month>01</month>
            <day>16</day>
            <year>2013</year>
          </publication_date>
          <journal_volume>
            <volume>40</volume>
          </journal_volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
        </journal_issue>
        <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
          <titles>
            <title>The role of Coulomb stress changes for injection‐induced seismicity: The Basel enhanced geothermal system</title>
          </titles>
          <contributors>
            <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="first">
              <given_name>Flaminia</given_name>
              <surname>Catalli</surname>
              <affiliation>Swiss Seismological Service Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich  Zürich Switzerland</affiliation>
            </person_name>
            <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
              <given_name>Men‐Andrin</given_name>
              <surname>Meier</surname>
              <affiliation>Swiss Seismological Service Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich  Zürich Switzerland</affiliation>
            </person_name>
            <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
              <given_name>Stefan</given_name>
              <surname>Wiemer</surname>
              <affiliation>Swiss Seismological Service Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich  Zürich Switzerland</affiliation>
            </person_name>
          </contributors>
          <abstract abstract-type="main">
            <title>Abstract</title>
            <p>
              We estimate Coulomb stress variations (ΔCFS) by considering interactions among 163 earthquakes (
              <italic>M</italic>
              <sub>L</sub>
               ≤ 3.4) that occurred during the hydraulic stimulation of the enhanced geothermal system in Basel, Switzerland, in 2006. We observe that overall 75% of event locations are consistent with positive ΔCFS. The performance of the model increases with time and distance from injection, accordingly with the presumed less dominant role of the pore pressure further from the injection well and after shut‐in. We analyze the sensitivity of results to location and focal mechanism uncertainties, the fault‐plane ambiguity, and the friction coefficient. We find that ΔCFS are highly sensitive to location accuracy but robust with regard to uncertainties of the other parameters. Our results suggest that (i) the Coulomb model may complement conventional pore‐pressure triggering models and (ii) implementing it for time‐dependent seismic hazard assessment during fluid injection may improve the forecasting ability but will require highly accurate hypocenter estimates.
            </p>
          </abstract>
          <abstract abstract-type="short">
            <title>Key Points</title>
            <p>
              <list list-type="simple">
                <list-item>
                  <p>Static stress changes are estimated for an injection‐induced sequence</p>
                </list-item>
                <list-item>
                  <p>Earthquake interactions alone play a role in the triggering process</p>
                </list-item>
                <list-item>
                  <p>A sensitivity analysis of the Coulomb model is performed</p>
                </list-item>
              </list>
            </p>
          </abstract>
          <publication_date media_type="online">
            <month>01</month>
            <day>16</day>
            <year>2013</year>
          </publication_date>
          <publication_date media_type="print">
            <month>01</month>
            <day>16</day>
            <year>2013</year>
          </publication_date>
          <pages>
            <first_page>72</first_page>
            <last_page>77</last_page>
          </pages>
          <publisher_item>
            <identifier id_type="doi">10.1029/2012GL054147</identifier>
          </publisher_item>
          <archive_locations>
            <archive name="Portico" />
          </archive_locations>
          <program name="AccessIndicators">
            <license_ref applies_to="vor" start_date="2013-01-16">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor</license_ref>
          </program>
          <doi_data>
            <doi>10.1029/2012GL054147</doi>
            <resource>https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2012GL054147</resource>
            <collection property="crawler-based">
              <item crawler="iParadigms">
                <resource>https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2012GL054147</resource>
              </item>
            </collection>
            <collection property="text-mining">
              <item>
                <resource content_version="vor">https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2012GL054147</resource>
              </item>
            </collection>
          </doi_data>
          <citation_list>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_2_1">
              <unstructured_citation>Baisch S. et al. (2009) Deep heat mining Basel—Seismic risk analysis Tech. Rep. Serianex.</unstructured_citation>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_3_1">
              <doi>10.1029/2012GL051480</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_4_1">
              <doi>10.1111/j.1365‐246X.2011.05068.x</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_5_1">
              <doi>10.1111/j.1365‐246X.2011.05276.x</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_6_1">
              <doi>10.1007/s00015‐009‐1336‐y</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_7_1">
              <doi>10.1785/gssrl.80.5.784</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_8_1">
              <journal_title>Geophys.</journal_title>
              <author>Goertz‐Allmann B.P.</author>
              <cYear>2012</cYear>
              <article_title>Geomechanical modeling of induced seismicity source parameters and implications for seismic hazard assessment</article_title>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_9_1">
              <doi>10.1029/JB084iB05p02348</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_10_1">
              <doi>10.1029/98JB00573</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_11_1">
              <doi>10.1016/j.geothermics.2008.06.002</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_12_1">
              <doi>10.1029/98JB01576</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_13_1">
              <doi>10.1029/98JB00699</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_14_1">
              <journal_title>Ann. Geophys.</journal_title>
              <author>Keilis‐Borok V.</author>
              <first_page>205</first_page>
              <volume>12</volume>
              <cYear>1959</cYear>
              <article_title>On estimation of the displacement in an earthquake source and of source dimensions</article_title>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_15_1">
              <doi>10.1029/2004WR003005</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_16_1">
              <journal_title>Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.</journal_title>
              <author>Nostro C.</author>
              <first_page>234</first_page>
              <volume>87</volume>
              <issue>1</issue>
              <cYear>1997</cYear>
              <doi provider="crossref">10.1785/BSSA0870010234</doi>
              <article_title>Static stress changes in extensional regimes: An application to Southern Apennines (Italy)</article_title>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_17_1">
              <doi>10.1111/j.1365‐246X.2010.04672.x</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_18_1">
              <doi>10.1785/012003257</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_19_1">
              <doi>10.1029/2012JB009304</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_20_1">
              <doi provider="crossref">10.1002/rog.1991.29.s2.864</doi>
              <unstructured_citation>Segall P.(1991) Fault mechanics U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1987‐1990.</unstructured_citation>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_21_1">
              <doi>10.1190/1.3353727</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_22_1">
              <doi>10.1029/2005JB003692</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_23_1">
              <doi>10.1029/2002JB002365</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_24_1">
              <doi>10.1038/nature00997</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_25_1">
              <doi>10.1029/2011JB008980</doi>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_26_1">
              <journal_title>Swiss J. Earth Sci.</journal_title>
              <author>Valley B.</author>
              <first_page>467</first_page>
              <volume>102</volume>
              <cYear>2009</cYear>
              <article_title>Stress orientation to 5 km depth in the basement below Basel (Switzerland) from borehole failure analysis</article_title>
            </citation>
            <citation key="e_1_2_7_27_1">
              <doi>10.1016/j.cageo.2005.08.006</doi>
            </citation>
          </citation_list>
        </journal_article>
      </journal>
    </crossref>
  </doi_record>
</doi_records>